A previously unidentified grave in northern France was recently discovered to be that of a Nova Scotia soldier from the First World War.
The Department of National Defence (DND) and the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) says the confirmation was done through extensive historical and archival research.
Sgt. Norman Harold McLennan was from Cape North in Cape Breton, though he later said he was born in Montreal in 1886 or 1887.
Officials say details of his early life are unclear and there is no evidence of his birthplace or birthdate.
It is known that McLennan enlisted with The Royal Canadian Regiment (RCR) in Quebec in April 1905.
He was a career soldier before deploying to Bermuda at the start of the First World War and returned to Canada in August 1915.
He re-attested for war service with the Canadian Expeditionary Force later that month in Halifax.
Private McLennan was then promoted to sergeant and sailed aboard the SS Caledonian to England for training.
He arrived in France three months later and served across the Western Front for almost a year.
McLennan was reportedly last seen on Oct. 8, 1916, on the first day of the Battle of the Ancre Heights, which was part of the Battle of the Somme.
“After capturing a German trench known as Regina Trench, soldiers fought off at least three German counterattacks before surviving members of the RCR were forced to withdraw. Alone or in small groups, soldiers made their way back to the Canadian line by moving from shell hole to shell hole,” reads a DND news release.
“Initially reported as wounded and missing, Sergeant McLennan was later officially presumed to have been killed in action.”
Multiple research reports suggested the grave of an unknown Canadian sergeant buried at Courcelette British Cemetery could be identified.
The grave was partially identified as that of “A Serjeant of the Great War Royal Canadian Regt.”
It was later believed the grave could only belong to McLennan, which was confirmed by the Casualty Identification Review Board in December 2025.
The board includes participants from Veterans Affairs Canada, the Canadian Museum of History, the Canadian Forces Forensic Odontology Response Team and the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.
The CAF says it has notified McLennan’s family of the confirmation and is providing them with support.
A headstone rededication ceremony is set to take place at “the earliest opportunity” in France.
“No matter how much time has passed since the ultimate sacrifice was made, it remains our solemn duty to honour those who served. We reaffirm our commitment to remembering every Canadian who fought with extraordinary courage in the First World War, ensuring their sacrifice is never forgotten,” said Veterans Affairs Minister Jill McKnight in the release.
McLennan’s name is also inscribed on the Canadian National Vimy Memorial in France and on a war memorial in Cape North, though his last name is spelled as “MacLennan.”
He is described as the oldest of six children born to John and Elizabeth MacLennan of Cape North.
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