LONDON - Britain's Dec. 12 vote has been dubbed the “Brexit election,” dominated by the country's stalled exit from the European Union. But political parties are also trying to win over voters more worried about the U.K.'s stuttering economy and frayed social fabric.
The electorate remains deeply skeptical of politicians' promises, if a televised question-and-answer session on Friday is any indication.
The leaders of Britain's four biggest parties - Prime Minister Boris Johnson, main opposition Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn, Nicola Sturgeon of the Scottish National Party and Jo Swinson of the pro-EU Liberal Democrats - faced questions from a studio audience selected to reflect the level of the parties' support.
Corbyn, the first to be quizzed on the BBC show, faced tough questions about his party's left-wing policies - branded reckless and terrifying by one questioner - and drew groans when he declined to say whether he supported leaving the European Union or remaining.
Corbyn said he would remain neutral because “my whole strategy has been to bring people together, however they voted in the referendum in 2016.”
Johnson pushed for Britain to hold the December election, which is taking place more than two years early, in hopes of winning a majority and breaking Britain's political impasse over Brexit.
Johnson says if voters give the Conservatives a majority he will “get Brexit done” by getting Parliament to ratify his Brexit divorce deal and taking the U.K. out of the EU by the current Brexit deadline of Jan. 31.
Labour says it will negotiate a better Brexit deal with the EU, then hold a new referendum offering British voters a choice between leaving the EU on those terms or remaining.
The election's focus has broadened beyond Brexit this week as the parties unveiled their detailed policy platforms. Such manifestos are a British election staple and their publication is a major campaign event for each party.
The Labour Party published its wide-ranging manifesto on Thursday, setting out plans for a radical expansion of public spending and state ownership.
Labour promised to nationalize Britain's railways, energy utilities and postal system; cap rents; hike the minimum wage; abolish university tuition fees and give everyone free internet access if it wins the Dec. 12 election.
Corbyn said the measures in the party's “manifesto of hope” would be paid for by increasing taxes on corporations and high earners.
Johnson has labeled Labour's policies “ruinous.” Johnson's Conservative Party and the Scottish National Party have not yet published their own manifestos.
The Welsh nationalist party Plaid Cymru also released its manifesto Friday, calling for billions of pounds (dollars) in new investment in renewable energy to create “tens of thousands of green-collar jobs.”
Plaid Cymru - Welsh for the Party of Wales - opposes Brexit. It's calling for a new referendum on Britain's EU membership and backs an eventual vote on Welsh independence. The party held four seats in the last Parliament.
The broadening focus of the election means even the Brexit Party, led by veteran euroskeptic Nigel Farage, published a list of policy pledges on Friday that went far beyond leaving the EU.
The party, which wants Britain to make a sharp break with the 28-nation bloc, is also calling for a “political revolution” in the U.K. It wants a written constitution, the abolition of Parliament's unelected House of Lords, more public referendums and a cut in immigration to below 50,000 people a year, less than a quarter of Britain's current rate.
Founded earlier this year, the Brexit Party currently has none of the 650 seats up for grabs in the House of Commons in the December vote. It is running in almost 300 seats but has withdrawn from 317 Conservative-dominated constituencies to avoid splitting the pro-Brexit vote.
Farage urged voters to give his party lawmakers in Parliament so they could pressure the government for a hard Brexit in which Britain wouldn't remain aligned to EU rules and standards.
“Without us, there will be no genuine Brexit,” he said.
